100-7 Byzantine Empire remained

Byzantine Empire, the eastern half of the Roman Empire, which survived for a thousand years after the western half had crumbled into various feudal kingdoms and which finally fell to Ottoman Turkish onslaughts in 1453.

Byzantine emperors*

Zeno	474–491
Anastasius I	491–518
Justin I	518–527
Justinian I Justin II 565–578 Tiberius II Constantine 578–582 Maurice 582–602 Phokas 602–610 Heraclius 610–641 Constantine III 641 Heraclonas 641 Constans II 641–668 Constantine IV 668–685 Justinian II 685–695 Leontius 695–698 Tiberius III 698–705 Justinian II (restored) 705–711 Philippikos Vardan 711–713 Anastasios II 713–715 Theodosios III 715–717 Leo III 717–741 Constantine V Copronymus 741–775 Leo IV 775–780 Constantine VI 780–797 Irene 797–802 Nikephoros I 802–811 Stauracius 811 Michael I Rhangabe 811–813 Leo V 813–820 Michael II 820–829 Theophilus 829–842 Michael III 842–867 Basil I 867–886 Leo VI 886–912 Alexander 912–913 Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus 913–959 Romanus I Lecapenus 920–944 Romanus II 959–963 Nicephorus II Phocas 963–969 John I Tzimisces 969–976 Basil II 976–1025 Constantine VIII 1025–28 Romanos III Argyros 1028–34 Michael IV 1034–41 Michael V 1041–42 Zoe and Theodora 1042 Constantine IX Monomachos 1042–55 Theodora 1055–56 Michael VI 1056–57 Isaac I Komnenos 1057–59 Constantine X Doukas 1059–67 Romanos IV Diogenes 1067–71 Michael VII Doukas 1071–78 Nikephoros III Botaneiates 1078–81 Alexios I Komnenos 1081–1118 John II Komnenos 1118–43 Manuel I Komnenos 1143–80 Alexios II Komnenos 1180–83 Andronikos I Komnenos 1183–85 Isaac II Angelos 1185–95 Alexios III Angelos 1195–1203 Isaac II Angelos (restored) and Alexios IV Angelos (joint ruler) 1203–04 Alexios V Murtzouphlos 1204 Latin emperors of Constantinople Baldwin I 1204–06 Henry 1206–16 Peter 1217 Yolande (empress) 1217–19 Robert 1221–28 Baldwin II 1228–61 John 1231–37 Nicaean emperors Constantine (XI) Lascaris 1204–05? Theodore I Lascaris 1205?–22 John III Ducas Vatatzes 1222–54 Theodore II Lascaris 1254–58 John IV Lascaris 1258–61 Greek emperors restored Michael VIII Palaeologus 1261–82 Andronicus II Palaeologus and Michael IX Palaeologus (joint ruler 1295–1320) 1282–1328 Andronicus III Palaeologus 1328–41 John V Palaeologus 1341–76 John VI Cantacuzenus 1347–54 Andronicus IV Palaeologus 1376–79 John V Palaeologus (restored) 1379–90 John VII Palaeologus 1390 John V Palaeologus (restored) 1390–91 Manuel II Palaeologus and John VIII Palaeologus (joint ruler 1421–25) 1391–1425 John VIII Palaeologus 1425–48 Constantine XI Palaeologus 1449–53